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ISO/DIS 20816-3

Mechanical vibration — Measurement and evaluation of machine vibration — Part 3: Industrial machines with operating speeds between 120 r/min and 30 000 r/min

Edition date: 2026-05-21
In Force
Available languages: English
Summary:

This document specifies the general requirements for evaluating the vibration of various coupled industrial machine types with a power above 15 kW and operating speeds between 120 r/min and 30 000 r/min when measurements are made in-situ. Guidelines for applying evaluation criteria are provided for measurements taken on non-rotating and rotating parts under normal operating conditions. The guidelines are presented in terms of both steady running vibration values and in terms of changes to vibration magnitude, which can occur in these steady values. The numerical values presented are intended to serve as guidelines based on worldwide machine experience, but shall be applied with due regard to specific machine features which can cause these values to be inappropriate. In general, the condition of a machine is assessed by consideration of both the shaft vibration and the associated structural vibration, as well as specific frequency components, which do not always relate to the broadband severity values presented.

The machine types covered by this document include:

a) steam turbines and generators with outputs less than or equal to 40 MW (see Note 1 and Note 2);

b) steam turbines and generators with outputs greater than 40 MW which normally operate at speeds other than 1 500 r/min, 1 800 r/min, 3 000 r/min or 3 600 r/min (although generators seldom fall into this category) (see Note 1);

c) rotary compressors;

d) industrial gas turbines with outputs less than or equal to 3 MW (see Note 2);

e) turbofans;

f) electric motors of any type, if the coupling is flexible. When a motor is rigidly coupled to a machine type covered by any other part of ISO20816, the motor may be assessed either against that other part or against ISO 20816-3;

g) rolls and mills;

h) conveyors;

i) variable speed couplings; and

j) blowers or fans (see Note 3).

NOTE 1   Land based steam turbines, gas turbines and generators of greater than 40 MW capacity, which run at 1 500 r/min, 1 800 r/min, 3 000 r/min or 3 600 r/min are covered by the requirements of ISO 20816-2. Generators in hydro-electric plants are covered by ISO 20816-5.

NOTE 2   Gas turbines of power greater than 3 MW are covered by ISO 20816-4.

NOTE 3   The vibration criteria presented in this document are generally only applicable to fans with power ratings greater than 300 kW or fans which are not flexibly supported. As and when circumstances permit, recommendations for other types of fans, including those of lightweight sheet-metal construction, will be prepared. Until these recommendations are available, classifications can be agreed between the manufacturer and the customer; using results of previous operational experience (see also ISO 14694).

Machinery including a geared stage can fall under the scope of this document. For performing acceptance tests of gearboxes please refer to ISO 20816-9.

The following types of industrial machine are not covered by this document:

k) land-based gas turbines, steam turbines and generators with power outputs greater than 40 MW and speeds of 1 500 r/min, 1 800 r/min, 3 000 r/min or 3 600 r/min (see ISO20816‑2);

l) gas turbine sets with power outputs greater than 3 MW (see ISO20816‑4);

m) machine sets in hydraulic power generating and pumping plants (see ISO20816‑5);

n) reciprocating machines and machines solidly coupled to reciprocating machines (see ISO10816‑6);

o) rotordynamic pumps and any integrated or solidly coupled electric motors where the impeller is mounted directly on the motor shaft or is rigidly attached to it (see ISO10816‑7);

p) reciprocating compressor systems (see ISO 20816-8);

q) rotary positive displacement compressors (e. g. screw compressors);

r) submerged motor-pumps; and

s) wind turbines (see ISO10816‑21).

The requirements of this document apply to in-situ broad-band vibration measurements taken on the shafts, bearings, bearing pedestals, or housings of machines under steady-state operating conditions within their nominal operating speed range. The requirements relate to both acceptance testing and operational monitoring. The evaluation criteria included in this document can be applied to both continuous and non-continuous monitoring situations.

The requirements of this document cover machines which can have gears or rolling element bearings, but do not address the diagnostic evaluation of the condition of those gears or bearings.

The requirements in this document are applicable only for the vibration produced by the machine set itself and not for vibration that is transmitted to the machine set from external sources.



Le présent document spécifie les exigences générales pour l’évaluation des vibrations des différents types de machines industrielles accouplées avec une puissance supérieure à 15 kW et une vitesse de fonctionnement comprise entre 120 r/min et 30 000 r/min lorsque les mesurages sont réalisés in situ. Il fournit des lignes directrices relatives à l’application des critères d’évaluation pour les mesurages effectués sur des parties non tournantes et tournantes dans des conditions normales de fonctionnement. Les lignes directrices sont présentées à la fois en fonction des valeurs des vibrations en régime stable et en fonction des variations d’amplitude des vibrations qui peuvent se produire dans ces valeurs stables. Les valeurs numériques présentées sont destinées à servir de lignes directrices basées sur l’expérience mondiale des machines, mais elles doivent être appliquées en tenant compte des caractéristiques spécifiques des machines qui peuvent rendre ces valeurs inappropriées. En général, l’état d’une machine est évalué en tenant compte à la fois des vibrations de l’arbre et des vibrations structurelles associées, ainsi que des composantes de fréquence spécifiques, ce qui ne correspond pas toujours aux valeurs de sévérité à large bande présentées.

Les types de machines couverts par le présent document comprennent:

a) les turbines à vapeur et les alternateurs d’une puissance inférieure ou égale à 40 MW (voir la Note 1 et la Note 2);

b) les turbines à vapeur et les alternateurs d’une puissance supérieure à 40 MW et qui fonctionnent normalement à une vitesse différente de 1 500 r/min, 1 800 r/min, 3 000 r/min et 3 600 r/min (bien que les alternateurs présentent rarement de telles caractéristiques) (voir la Note 1);

c) les compresseurs rotatifs;

d) les turbines à gaz industrielles d’une puissance inférieure ou égale à 3 MW (voir la Note 2);

e) les réacteurs à double flux;

f) les moteurs électriques de tout type, si l’accouplement est souple. Lorsqu’un moteur est accouplé de manière rigide à un type de machine couvert par toute autre partie de l’ISO20816, le moteur peut être évalué soit par rapport à cette autre partie, soit par rapport à l’ISO 20816-3;

g) les rouleaux et fraises;

h) les convoyeurs;

i) les accouplements à vitesse variable; et

j) les soufflantes ou les ventilateurs (voir la Note 3).

NOTE 1      Les turbines à vapeur, les turbines à gaz et les alternateurs pour applications terrestres d’une puissance supérieure à 40 MW, qui fonctionnent à une vitesse de 1 500 r/min, de 1 800 r/min, de 3 000 r/min ou de 3 600 r/min sont couverts par les exigences de l’ISO 20816-2. Les alternateurs des centrales hydroélectriques sont couverts par l’ISO 20816-5.

NOTE 2      Les turbines à gaz d’une puissance supérieure à 3 MW sont couvertes par l’ISO 20816-4.

NOTE 3      Les critères de vibration énoncés dans le présent document s’appliquent, de manière générale, uniquement aux ventilateurs de puissance nominale supérieure à 300 kW ou aux ventilateurs qui ne reposent pas sur un support souple. Lorsque les circonstances le permettront, les recommandations relatives à d’autres types de ventilateurs, dont ceux en tôle légère, seront rédigées. Avant que ces recommandations soient disponibles, les classifications peuvent faire l’objet d’un accord entre le fabricant et le client, sur la base des résultats des expériences opérationnelles précédentes (voir aussi l’ISO 14694).

Les machines équipées d’engrenages peuvent entrer dans le domaine d’application du présent document. Pour la réalisation des essais de réception de la pignonnerie, se référer à l’ISO 20816-9.

Les types suivants de machines industrielles ne sont pas couverts par le présent document:

k) les turbines à gaz, turbines à vapeur et alternateurs pour installations terrestres d’une puissance supérieure à 40 MW et des vitesses de 1 500 r/min, 1 800 r/min, 3 000 r/min ou 3 600 r/min (voir l’ISO20816-2);

l) les turbines à gaz d’une puissance supérieure à 3 MW (voir l’ISO20816-4);

m) les groupes générateurs de puissance et installations de pompage hydrauliques (voir l’ISO20816-5);

n) les machines alternatives et les machines solidement accouplées à des machines alternatives (voir l’ISO10816-6);

o) les pompes rotodynamiques et tout moteur électrique intégré ou solidement accouplé sur lesquels le rotor est directement monté sur l’arbre du moteur ou y est solidement fixé (voir l’ISO10816-7);

p) les systèmes de compresseurs alternatifs (voir l’ISO20816-8);

q) les compresseurs à déplacement positif de type rotatif (par exemple les compresseurs à vis);

r) les motopompes immergées; et

s) les turbines éoliennes (voir l’ISO10816-21).

Les exigences du présent document s’appliquent aux mesurages in situ des vibrations à large bande, ces mesurages étant effectués sur les arbres, sur les paliers, sur les supports ou sur les logements de paliers des machines dans des conditions de régime stabilisé et dans leur plage de vitesses nominales de fonctionnement. Les exigences concernent les essais de réception et le contrôle des opérations. Les critères d’évaluation inclus dans le présent document peuvent être appliqués aux situations de contrôle continu et non continu.

Les exigences du présent document couvrent les machines qui peuvent être équipées d’engrenages ou de paliers à roulement, mais ne traitent pas de l’évaluation de diagnostic de l’état de ces engrenages ou paliers.

Les exigences du présent document sont uniquement applicables aux vibrations émises par la machine elle-même et non aux vibrations transmises à la machine par des sources extérieures.



ICS: 17.160-Vibrations, shock and vibration measurements
CTN: ISO/TC 108/SC 2 - 51472

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