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ISO 10703:2021

Water quality — Gamma-ray emitting radionuclides — Test method using high resolution gamma-ray spectrometry

Edition date: 2021-06-24
In Force
Available languages: French, English
Summary:

This document specifies a method for the physical pre-treatment and conditioning of water samples and the determination of the activity concentration of various radionuclides emitting gamma-rays with energies between 40 keV and 2 MeV, by gamma‑ray spectrometry according to the generic test method described in ISO 20042.

The method is applicable to test samples of drinking water, rainwater, surface and ground water as well as cooling water, industrial water, domestic and industrial wastewater after proper sampling, sample handling, and test sample preparation (filtration when necessary and taking into account the amount of dissolved material in the water). This method is only applicable to homogeneous samples or samples which are homogeneous via timely filtration.

The lowest limit that can be measured without concentration of the sample or by using only passive shield of the detection system is about 5·10-2 Bq/l for e.g. 137Cs.1 The upper limit of the activity corresponds to a dead time of 10 %. Higher dead times may be used but evidence of the accuracy of the dead-time correction is required.

Depending on different factors, such as the energy of the gamma-rays, the emission probability per nuclear disintegration, the size and geometry of the sample and the detector, the shielding, the counting time and other experimental parameters, the sample may require to be concentrated by evaporation if activities below 5·10-2 Bq/l need to be measured. However, volatile radionuclides (e.g. radon and radioiodine) can be lost during the source preparation.

This method is suitable for application in emergency situations.

 

1The sample geometry: 3l Marinelli beaker; detector: GE HP N relative efficiency 55 % ; counting time: 18h.



Le présent document spécifie une méthode de prétraitement physique et de conditionnement d’échantillons d’eau et de détermination de l’activité volumique de différents radionucléides émetteurs gamma d’énergie comprise entre 40 keV et 2 MeV, par spectrométrie gamma conformément à la méthode d’essai générique décrite dans l’ISO 20042.

La méthode d'essai est applicable à des échantillons pour essai d'eau potable, d'eau de pluie, d'eau de surface et d'eau souterraine ainsi que d'eau de refroidissement, d'eau industrielle, d’eaux usées domestiques et industrielles après échantillonnage approprié, manipulation de l'échantillon et préparation de l'échantillon pour essai (filtration si nécessaire et en tenant compte de la quantité de matières dissoutes dans l'eau). Cette méthode ne s’applique qu’aux échantillons homogènes ou aux échantillons  qui sont homogènes après filtration opportune.

La limite inférieure qui peut être mesurée sans concentration de l’échantillon ou en utilisant uniquement le blindage passif du système de détection est d’environ 5·10−2 Bq/l pour le 137Cs 1 à titre d’exemple. La limite supérieure de l’activité correspond à un temps mort de 10 %. Des temps morts plus élevés peuvent être utilisés mais la justesse de la correction du temps mort doit être prouvée.

En fonction de différents facteurs tels que l’énergie des rayonnements gamma et la probabilité d’émission par désintégration nucléaire, la taille et la géométrie de l’échantillon et du détecteur, le blindage, le temps de comptage et d’autres paramètres expérimentaux, il peut être nécessaire de concentrer l’échantillon par évaporation, s’il s’agit de mesurer des activités inférieures à 5·10−2 Bq/l. Cependant, les radionucléides volatils (par exemple, le radon et l’iode radioactif) peuvent être perdus pendant la préparation de la source.

Cette méthode est appropriée pour être appliquée aux situations d’urgence.

 

1La géométrie de l’échantillon : Marinelli de 3 l ; détecteur : GE HP type N d’une efficacité relative de 55 %; temps de comptage: 18 h.
ICS: 17.240-Radiation measurements, 13.060.60-Examination of physical properties of water
CTN: ISO/TC 147/SC 3 - 52932

Standards Cancellations

Anula a ISO 10703:2007

International Equivalence

Identic UNE-EN ISO 10703:2021

Normas Conjuntas

Trabajo conjunto ISO 5145:2017

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