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IEC 61786-2:2014

Measurement of DC magnetic, AC magnetic and AC electric fields from 1 Hz to 100 kHz with regard to exposure of human beings - Part 2: Basic standard for measurements

Edition date: 2014-12-11
In Force
Available languages: English, French
Summary: IEC 61786-2:2014 provides requirements for the measurement of quasi-static magnetic and electric fields that have a frequency content in the range 1 Hz to 100 kHz, and DC magnetic fields, to evaluate the exposure levels of the human body to these fields. Specifically, this standard gives requirements for establishing measurement procedures that achieve defined goals pertaining to human exposure. Because of differences in the characteristics of the fields from sources in the various environments, e.g. frequency content, temporal and spatial variations, polarization, and magnitude, and differences in the goals of the measurements, the specific measurement procedures will be different in the various environments. Sources of fields include devices that operate at power frequencies and produce power frequency and power-frequency harmonic fields, as well as devices that produce fields independent of the power frequency, and DC power transmission, and the geomagnetic field. The magnitude ranges covered by this standard are 0,1 micro-Tesla to 200 mili-Tesla for AC (1 micro-Tesla to 10 Tesla for DC) for magnetic fields, and 1 V/m to 50 kV/m for electric fields. When measurements outside this range are performed, most of the provisions of this standard will still apply, but special attention should be paid to the specified uncertainty and calibration procedures. Examples of sources of fields that can be measured with this standard include:
- devices that operate at power frequencies (50/60 Hz) and produce power frequency and power-frequency harmonic fields (examples: power lines, electric appliances...);
- devices that produce fields that are independent of the power frequency.(Examples: electric railway (DC to 20 kHz);
- commercial aeroplanes (400 Hz), induction heaters (up to 100 kHz), and electric vehicles);
- and devices that produces static magnetic fields: MRI, DC power lines, DC welding, electrolysis, magnets, electric furnaces, etc. DC currents are often generated by converters, which also create AC components (power frequency harmonics), which should be assessed. When EMF products standards are available, these products standards should be used. With regard to electric field measurements, this standard considers only the measurement of the unperturbed electric field strength at a point in space (i.e. the electric field prior to the introduction of the field meter and operator) or on conducting surfaces. Sources of uncertainty during measurements are also identified and guidance is provided on how they should be combined to determine total measurement uncertainty.

L'IEC 61786-2:2014 fournit des exigences pour la mesure des valeurs des champs magnétiques et électriques quasi-statiques avec un contenu fréquentiel compris entre 1 Hz et 100 kHz ainsi que des champs magnétiques continus, permettant d'évaluer les niveaux d'exposition du corps humain à ces champs. De manière spécifique, la présente norme donne les exigences relatives à la mise en place de procédures de mesure permettant d'atteindre les objectifs définis quant à l'exposition humaine. Compte tenu des différences de caractéristiques des champs par rapport aux sources dans les divers environnements (contenu fréquentiel, variations temporelles et spatiales, polarisation et amplitude, par exemple) et des différences d'objectifs des mesures, les procédures de mesure spécifiques sont différentes selon les environnements. Parmi les sources de champs figurent des dispositifs qui fonctionnent aux fréquences industrielles et qui produisent des champs à ces fréquences et aux fréquences harmoniques, ainsi que des dispositifs produisant des champs indépendants de la fréquence industrielle, la transmission d'énergie en courant continu, et le champ magnétique statique terrestre. Les plages d'amplitudes couvertes par la présente norme vont respectivement de 0,1 micro-Tesla à 200 mili-Tesla en alternatif (1 micro-Tesla à 10 Tesla en continu) pour les champs magnétiques et de 1 V/m à 50 kV/m pour les champs électriques. Si des mesures hors de cette plage sont réalisées, la plupart des dispositions de la présente norme s'appliquent toujours, mais il convient de veiller particulièrement à l'incertitude spécifiée et aux procédures d'étalonnage. Par exemple, les sources de champs qui peuvent être mesurées avec la présente norme sont:
- les dispositifs fonctionnant aux fréquences industrielles (50/60 Hz) et générant des champs de fréquence industrielle et des harmoniques de ces fréquences (exemples: lignes d'énergie, appareils électriques...);
- les dispositifs générant des champs indépendants de la fréquence industrielle. (Exemples: voie de chemin de fer électrifiée (du continu à 20 kHz), avions de ligne (400 Hz), les appareils de chauffage par induction (jusqu'à 100 kHz) et les véhicules électriques);
- et les dispositifs générant des champs magnétiques statiques: imagerie par résonance magnétique (IRM), lignes d'énergie à courant continu, soudage par courant continu, électrolyse, aimants, fours électriques, etc. Les courants continus sont souvent générés par des convertisseurs, qui créent également des composantes alternatives (harmoniques à fréquence industrielle), qu'il convient d'évaluer. Si des normes de produit concernant les champs électromagnétiques sont disponibles, il convient de les utiliser. Eu égard aux mesures de champs électriques, la présente norme considère uniquement la mesure du champ électrique non perturbé en un point de l'espace (c'est-à-dire le champ électrique avant l'introduction du mesureur du champ et de l'opérateur) ou sur des surfaces conductrices. Les sources d'incertitude pendant les mesures sont également identifiées, et des lignes directrices sont fournies quant à la manière dont il convient de les combiner afin de déterminer l'incertitude de mesure totale.
ICS: 17.220.20-Measurement of electrical and magnetic quantities
CTN: TC 106 - 1303

Reemplazo Normas

Reemplazada parcialmente a IEC 61786:1998

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