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EN ISO 14577-1:2026

Metallic materials - Instrumented indentation test for hardness and materials parameters - Part 1: Test method (ISO 14577-1:2026)

Edition date: 2026-06-24
In Force
Available languages: French, English
Summary: This document specifies the method of instrumented indentation test for determination of hardness and other materials parameters for the following three ranges: macro range: 2 N ≤ F ≤ 30 kN; micro range: 2 N > F; h > 0,2 µm; nano range: h ≤ 0,2 µm. For the nano range, the mechanical deformation strongly depends on the real shape of indenter tip and the calculated material parameters are significantly influenced by the contact area function of the indenter used in the testing machine. Therefore, careful calibration of both instrument and indenter shape is required in order to achieve an acceptable reproducibility of the materials parameters determined with different machines. The macro and micro ranges are distinguished by the test forces in relation to the indentation depth. Attention is drawn to the fact that the micro range has an upper limit given by the test force (2 N) and a lower limit given by the indentation depth of 0,2 µm. The determination of hardness and other material parameters is given in the normative Annex A. At high contact pressures, damage to the indenter is possible. For test pieces with very high hardness and modulus of elasticity, permanent indenter deformation can occur and can be detected using suitable reference materials. Indentations that result in damage or permanent deformation of the indenter are excluded from the scope of this test method. This test method can also be applied to thin metallic and non-metallic coatings and non-metallic materials. In this case, it is recommended that the specifications in the relevant standards be taken into account (see also 7.3 and ISO 14577-4). The analysis methods of this standard assume that materials behave like ideal materials. Any deviation (internal stress, pile-up, sink-in, densification, phase transitions, cracks) will result in additional uncertainties. This becomes especially important if comparisons shall be done to material parameters, obtained with other methods.

Le présent document spécifie la méthode d'essai de pénétration instrumenté pour la détermination de la dureté et d'autres paramètres des matériaux pour les trois plages suivantes: macro-intervalle: 2 N ≤ F ≤ 30 kN; micro-intervalle: 2 N > F; h > 0,2 µm; nano-intervalle: h ≤ 0,2 µm. Pour le nano-intervalle, la déformation mécanique dépend fortement de la forme réelle de la pointe du pénétrateur, et les paramètres des matériaux calculés sont influencés de manière significative par la fonction de l'aire de contact du pénétrateur utilisé sur la machine d'essai. En conséquence, un étalonnage soigné de l'instrument et de la forme du pénétrateur est nécessaire pour obtenir une reproductibilité acceptable des paramètres des matériaux déterminés avec différentes machines. Les macro et micro-intervalles se distinguent par les forces d'essai en relation avec la profondeur d'empreinte. L'attention est attirée sur le fait que le micro-intervalle a une limite supérieure donnée par la force d'essai (2 N) et une limite inférieure donnée par la profondeur d'empreinte de 0,2 µm. La détermination de la dureté et d'autres paramètres des matériaux est donnée dans l'Annexe A normative. L'endommagement du pénétrateur est possible pour les pressions de contact élevées. Pour les éprouvettes à dureté et module d'élasticité élevés, une déformation permanente du pénétrateur peut se produire et être détectée à l’aide des matériaux de référence appropriés. Les pénétrations entraînant des dommages ou une déformation permanente du pénétrateur sont exclues du domaine d’application de la présente méthode d’essai. La présente méthode d'essai est également applicable à des revêtements métalliques et non métalliques minces et à des matériaux non métalliques. Dans ce cas, il est recommandé de prendre en compte les spécifications données dans les normes applicables (voir également 7.3 et l’ISO 14577-4). Les méthodes d’analyse de la présente norme supposent que les matériaux se comportent comme des matériaux idéaux. Toute déviation (contrainte interne, accumulation, affaissement, densification, transitions de phase, fissures) entraînera des incertitudes supplémentaires. Cela devient particulièrement important si des comparaisons doivent être faites avec des paramètres de matériaux obtenus par d’autres méthodes.

Dieses Dokument legt das Verfahren für die instrumentierte Eindringprüfung zur Bestimmung der Härte und anderer Werkstoffparameter für die drei folgenden Bereiche fest:  Makrobereich: 2 N ≤ F ≤ 30 kN;  Mikrobereich: 2 N > F; h > 0,2 µm;  Nanobereich: h ≤ 0,2 µm. Im Nanobereich hängt die mechanische Verformung stark von der tatsächlichen Geometrie der Eindringkörperspitze ab, und die berechneten Werkstoffparameter werden wesentlich durch die Kontaktflächenfunktion des in der Prüfmaschine verwendeten Eindringkörpers beeinflusst. Daher ist eine sorgfältige Kalibrierung sowohl des Messgeräts als auch der Eindringkörpergeometrie erforderlich, um eine akzeptable Reproduzierbarkeit der mit verschiedenen Prüfmaschinen bestimmten Werkstoffparameter zu erhalten. Der Makro- und Mikrobereich unterscheiden sich durch die Prüfkräfte in Bezug auf die Eindringtiefe. Es muss beachtet werden, dass der Mikrobereich nach oben durch die Prüfkraft (2 N) und nach unten durch eine Eindringtiefe von 0,2 µm begrenzt ist. Die Bestimmung der Härte und der anderen Werkstoffparameter ist im normativen Anhang A enthalten. Bei hohen Kontaktdrücken ist es möglich, dass der Eindringkörper beschädigt wird. Bei Probekörpern mit sehr hoher Härte und sehr großem Elastizitätsmodul kann eine bleibende Verformung des Eindringkörpers auftreten, die mit geeigneten Referenzmaterialien nachgewiesen werden kann. Eindringprüfungen, die zu Schäden oder bleibenden Verformungen des Eindringkörpers führen, sind vom Anwendungsbereich dieses Prüfverfahrens ausgeschlossen. Dieses Prüfverfahren kann auch für dünne metallische und nichtmetallische Beschichtungen und nichtmetallische Werkstoffe angewendet werden. In diesem Fall wird empfohlen, dass die in den entsprechenden Normen enthaltenen Festlegungen beachtet werden (siehe auch 7.3 und ISO 14577 4). Die Analyseverfahren dieser Norm setzen voraus, dass sich Werkstoffe wie ideale Werkstoffe verhalten. Jede Abweichung (innere Spannung, Aufstau, Einsinken, Verdichtung, Phasenübergänge, Risse) führen zu zusätzlichen Unsicherheiten. Dies ist besonders wichtig, wenn Vergleiche mit Werkstoffparametern durchgeführt werden müssen, die mit anderen Verfahren erhalten wurden.

ICS: 77.040.10-Mechanical testing of metals
CTN: CEN/TC 459/SC 1 - 733642

Otras Relaciones

Acuerdo de Viena ISO 14577-1:2026

Reemplazo Normas

Reemplaza a EN ISO 14577-1:2015

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