ASTM A380/A380M - 25
Standard Practice for Cleaning, Descaling, Pickling, and Passivation of Stainless Steel Parts, Equipment, and Systems
| Aviso: | Las normas ASTM en lectura se visualizan a través del área decliente. Los archivos no se pueden descargar |
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| Fecha edición: |
2025-01-01
En Vigor
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| Idiomas disponibles: | Inglés |
| Resumen: | This practice covers the standard recommendations and precautions for cleaning, descaling, and passivating of new stainless steel parts, assemblies, equipment, and installed systems. Consideration shall be given in the design of parts, equipment, and systems that will require cleaning to minimize the presence of areas in which dirt, or cleaning solutions might become trapped, and to provide for effective circulation and removal of cleaning solutions. Materials shall be precleaned. Scales shall be removed through chemical descaling, acid pickling, and mechanical descaling. Degreasing and general cleaning shall be accomplished by immersion in, swabbing with, or spraying with alkaline, emulsion, chelate, acid, solvent, or detergent cleaners or a combination of these; by vapor degreasing; by ultrasonics using various cleaners; by steam, with or without a cleaner; or by high-pressure water-jetting. Recommended cleaning practices shall be followed for welds and weld-joint areas, specially critical applications, installed systems and post-erections. The following shall be used as the basis for cleanness acceptability: Visual inspection; wipe tests; residual pattern; water-break test; free iron test such as water-wetting or drying; high-humidity test; and copper sulfate test. Precision inspection shall be performed by solvent-ring test, black light inspection, atomizer test, and ferroxyl test. Precaution shall always be practiced to minimize iron contamination, in reuse of cleaning and pickling solution, in water rinsing, in circulation of cleaning solutions and rinse water, in protection of cleaned surfaces, for safety, and disposal of used solutions and water. |
| Keywords: | austenitic stainless steels; cleaning; corrosion; corrosive service applications; descaling; duplex stainless steels; ferritic stainless steels; martensitic stainless steels; passivation; pickling; precipitation hardening stainless steels; stainless steels ; |
| Scope: | 1.1 This practice covers recommendations and precautions for cleaning, descaling, and passivating of stainless steel parts, assemblies, equipment, and installed systems. These recommendations are presented as procedures for guidance when it is recognized that for a particular service it is desired to remove surface contaminants that may impair the normal corrosion resistance, or result in the later contamination of the particular stainless steel grade, or cause product contamination. The selection of procedures from this practice to be applied to the parts may be specified upon agreement between the supplier and the purchaser. For certain exceptional applications, additional requirements which are not covered by this practice may be specified upon agreement between the supplier and the purchaser. Although they apply primarily to materials in the composition range of stainless steel, the practices described may also be useful for cleaning other metals if due consideration is given to corrosion and possible metallurgical effects. 1.2 This practice does not cover decontamination or cleaning of equipment or systems that have been in service, nor does it cover descaling and cleaning of materials at the mill. On the other hand, some of the practices may be applicable for these purposes. While the practice provides recommendations and information concerning the use of acids and other cleaning and descaling agents, it cannot encompass detailed cleaning procedures for specific types of equipment or installations. It therefore in no way precludes the necessity for careful planning and judgment in the selection and implementation of such procedures. 1.3 These practices may be applied when contaminant iron, oxide scale, rust, grease, oil, carbonaceous or other residual chemical films, soil, particles, metal chips, dirt, or other nonvolatile deposits might adversely affect the metallurgical or sanitary condition or stability of a surface, the mechanical operation of a part, component, or system, or contaminate a process fluid. The degree of cleanness required on a surface depends on the application. In some cases, no more than degreasing or removal of gross contamination is necessary. Others, such as food-handling, pharmaceutical, aerospace, and certain nuclear applications, may require extremely high levels of cleanness, including removal of all detectable residual chemical films and contaminants that are invisible to ordinary inspection methods. Note 1: The term “iron,” when hereinafter referred to as a surface contaminant, shall denote contaminant iron. 1.4 Attainment of surfaces that are free of iron, metallic deposits, and other contamination depends on a combination of proper design, fabrication methods, cleaning and descaling, and protection to prevent recontamination of cleaned surfaces. Meaningful tests to establish the degree of cleanness of a surface are few, and those are often difficult to administer and to evaluate objectively. Visual inspection is suitable for the detection of gross contamination, scale, rust, and particulates, but may not reveal the presence of thin films of oil or residual chemical films. In addition, visual inspection of internal surfaces is often impossible because of the configuration of the item. Methods are described for the detection of contaminant iron and transparent chemical and oily deposits. 1.5 This practice provides definitions and describes practices for cleaning, descaling, and passivation of stainless steel parts. Qualitative tests with acceptance criteria to demonstrate that the passivation procedures have been successful are listed in 8.2.5 and 8.3.4, and can also be found in Specification A967/A967M. 1.6 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined. 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (For more specific safety precautions see 8.2.5.3, 8.3.4, Section 9, A1.7, and A2.11.) 1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. |
| ICS: | 77.140.20 - Aceros inoxidables |
| CTN: | A01.14 - A01.14 |
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Anulaciones Normas |
Anula a A380/A380M - 17 |
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Otras Relaciones |
Es referenciada por A781/A781M - 21 Es referenciada por A262 - 15(2021) Es referenciada por B912 - 02(2018) Es referenciada por F86 - 21 Es referenciada por G50 - 20(2025) Es referenciada por A1069/A1069M - 23 Es referenciada por A967/A967M - 25 Es referenciada por A632 - 19(2025) Es referenciada por A1127/A1127M - 23 Es referenciada por F1089 - 24 Es referenciada por F1387 - 23 Es referenciada por A985/A985M - 21 Es referenciada por F879 - 23 Es referenciada por A957/A957M - 21 Es referenciada por A703/A703M - 20a Es referenciada por A962/A962M - 25 |
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