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EN 12797:2000

Brazing - Destructive tests of brazed joints

Edition date: 2010-05-06
In Force
Summary: Diese Europäische Norm beschreibt zerstörende Prüfverfahren und Arten von Prüfstücken, die zur Durchführung von Prüfungen an Hartlötverbindungen notwendig sind. Hartlötverbindungen werden in großer Vielfalt für Konstruktionen genutzt. Die konstruktiven Anforderungen, die an diese Verbindungen gestellt werden, sind ebenfalls sehr unterschiedlich; normalerweise werden einige Festigkeits-stufen gefordert. Dies ist jedoch nicht immer die einzige Festlegung, da sie häufig im Vergleich zu anderen Kriterien, z. B. Luftdichtheit, eine geringere Bedeutung hat. Daraus folgt, daß eine Festigkeitsprüfung für die Beurteilung einer Verbindung für eine besondere Anwendung vollständig belanglos sein kann, wenn die Festigkeit von geringerer Bedeutung ist. Diese Situation wird dadurch erschwert, daß Hartlötverbindungen meist so konstruiert sind, daß sie gleichbleibende Schubbeanspruchung aufnehmen, und daß die Abmessungen der Verbindung durch die Scherfestig-keit in größerem Umfang als durch die Zugfestigkeit beeinflußt werden. Die in dieser Norm beschriebenen Prüfverfahren sind erfolgreich angewendet worden, um Informationen über spezifische Eigenschaften zu erhalten. Es wird empfohlen, eines von ihnen festzulegen, wenn derartige Informationen benötigt werden. Wesentlich ist die Erkenntnis, daß für viele Fertigungen keine dieser Prüfungen geeignet ist und daher spezifische Prüfungen zu entwickeln sind, um die notwendigen Informationen zu erhalten (die eher qualitativ als quantitativ sein können). Die folgenden zerstörenden Prüfverfahren werden beschrieben: a) Scherzugprüfung (siehe Abschnitt 4); b) Zugprüfung (siehe Abschnitt 5); c) Metallographische Untersuchung (siehe Abschnitt 6); d) Härteprüfung (siehe Abschnitt 7); e) Schälprüfung (siehe Abschnitt 8); f) Biegeprüfung (siehe Abschnitt 9). Da Berstprüfungen bei Hartlötverbindungen nicht allgemein gebräuchlich sind, sind Einzelheiten darüber nicht enthal-ten...(Abgeschnitten)

This European Standard describes destructive test procedures and test piece types necessary to perform the tests on brazed joints. Brazed joints are used in a wide variety of assemblies and the design requirements placed upon these joints will also vary widely; there will usually be some level of strength required but this may not be explicitly stated and is frequently of minor importance compared to some other criterion, e.g. hermeticity. It follows that a test which measures strength may be totally irrelevant in assessing a joint for a particular application where strength is a minor consideration. This situation is made more complicated because brazed joints are almost invariably designed to be loaded in shear and the dimensions of the joint affect the shear strength to a much greater extent than they do the tensile strength. The tests described in this standard have been used successfully to give information on specific properties and where such information is needed, it is recommended that one of them be specified. It is vital to recognise that for many fabrications none of these tests will be suitable and specific tests will have to be devised, which do yield the requisite information (which may be qualitative rather then quantitative). The destructive test methods described are as follows: a) shear tests (see clause 4); b) tensile tests (see clause 5); c) metallographic examination (see clause 6); d) hardness tests (see clause 7); e) peel test (see clause 8); f) bend tests (see clause 9). Details of burst tests are not included as these are not commonly used on brazed joints. The type of test piece described for each test can be quoted or incorporated in engineering applications standards that deal with brazed assemblies. The results of the tests are used: 1) to determine basic data regarding filler metal performance; 2) to arrive at optimum brazing designs (including gaps) and brazing procedures...(Truncated)

La présente Norme européenne décrit des procédures d'essais destructifs et des types de pièce d'essai nécessaires pour effectuer les essais sur assemblages réalisés par brasage fort (assemblages brasés). Les assemblages brasés sont utilisés pour une grande variété d'assemblages et les exigences de conception dont font l'objet ces assemblages brasés sont très diverses ; en général, un certain niveau de résistance est exigé, mais celui-ci peut ne pas être mentionné explicitement et il revêt souvent une moindre importance en comparaison avec d'autres critères tels que l'étanchéité. Il s'ensuit qu'un essai consistant à mesurer la résistance peut être complètement inadéquat pour évaluer un assemblage brasé pour une application particulière où la résistance à une moindre importance. La situation est rendue plus complexe car les assemblages brasés sont presque systématiquement conçus pour des charges de cisaillement et les dimensions de l'assemblage brasé affectent la résistance au cisaillement dans une bien plus grande mesure qu'ils n'affectent la résistance à la traction. Les essais décrits dans la présente norme européenne ont permis d'obtenir des informations sur des propriétés spécifiques, et lorsque de telles informations sont nécessaires, il est recommandé que l'un de ces essais soit spécifié. Il faut admettre que pour de nombreuses fabrications brasées, aucun de ces essais ne convient et des essais spécifiques appropriés, permettant d'obtenir les informations recherchées, doivent être conçus (ils peuvent être qualitatifs plutôt que quantitatifs). Les méthodes d'essai destructif décrites sont les suivantes : a) essai de cisaillement (voir article 4) ; b) essai de traction (voir article 5) ; c) examen métallographique (voir article 6) ; d) essai de dureté (voir article 7) ; e) essai de pelage (voir article 8) ; f) essai de pliage (voir article 9)...(Tronqué)

ICS: 25.160.50-Brazing and soldering
CTN: CEN/TC 121 - 6103

Modificaciones Normas

Es modificada por EN 12797:2000/A1:2003

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